Brazil

In 2013, Brazil received around 128,000 permanent and temporary immigrants, most of them temporary (more than 80% of the total).

Brazil has one of the smallest rates of permanent immigration in the Americas, and as is the case with Colombia, Cuba, and Honduras, they have one of the smallest immigrant populations relative to the total population of the country.

The United States continues to be the main country of destination for Brazilian emigrants (40%), followed by Portugal, Bolivia and Canada. Brazilian emigration to Bolivia has increased almost five times between 2009 and 2012.

The insertion of Brazilian emigrants in the labor market in Europe and the United States worsened considerably from 2010 to 2013, particularly for women. While the participation rate remained stable for both sexes, unemployment increased by almost 3 percentage points for women, and increased by around one point for men. From the beginning of the financial crisis in the period 2007-2008 to the period 2012-2013, unemployment in women increased from 8.5% to almost 19%, while for men it increased from 5.7% to 11, 4% during the same period.

In 2013, Brazil received 1,623 million dollars in remittances, representing less than one tenth of one percent of the Gross Domestic Product. Compared to 2012, the amount of remittances decreased by 18.4%. This downward trend has persisted since 2010.

Brazil received almost 5,000 asylum applications in 2013, most of them from Bangladesh, Senegal, and Lebanon, which represents an increase of 320% compared to 2012. Currently, 5,196 refugees reside in the country, mainly of Colombian origin and Angolan, followed by Syria, Liberia, Iraq and Palestine.

The Brazilian government is reforming its immigration law, based on the principles established in the 1988 Constitution and international human rights treaties. Recently, a bill on Migration and the Protection of the Rights of Immigrants was prepared by a group of experts, led by the Ministry of Justice, and presented to the National Congress for consideration. The project provides regularization processes, facilitates family reunification, and allows regular entry for those seeking employment. It also establishes at the national level a specialized institution in charge of all immigration matters.

In 2012 and in preparation for the 2014 FIFA Soccer World Cup, the 2016 Olympics and the 2016 Paralympics, the National Immigration Council published Normative Resolution No. 98, for the granting of temporary work visas to foreigners to work in the country. in the preparation, organization, planning and execution of events.

In turn, under Normative Resolution No. 97 of the National Immigration Council, in 2012, Brazil regularized 5,651 Haitian nationals for humanitarian reasons.

Within the scope of Mercosur, the Brazilian State has adopted provisions for the application of the “Residence Agreement for Nationals of the States Parties to Mercosur, Bolivia and Chile” to Peruvian and Colombian nationals residing in Brazil.

In turn, in 2013, the government signed an Agreement with Uruguay on Permanent Residence for the Free Movement of Persons. The objective is to facilitate the transit of citizens of both countries between the respective territories to ensure effective binational integration. The residence or permanent visa can be obtained by presenting a valid passport, current identity document or a special border document issued by the consulate of the country of origin; as well as, a certificate or affidavit of not having a criminal record. Those who apply for permanent residence will not be required to have a previous period of temporary residence. Citizens of Uruguay who have obtained a permanent residence visa in Brazil or vice versa, based on this agreement, have the right to enter, leave,

Main indicators of migratory movements, the migrant population and the employment of emigrants